1. Complete the following sentence : 'Had I known you were waiting outside, I_______.
Answer: would have invited you to come in. Dependent clause বা Condition clause-টি তে past perfect tense-এ থাকলে অন্য clause এ would/could/might + have +verb-এর Past participle form হয়। Example: -Had I known you were waiting outside, I would have invited you to come in.
2. If it rains,_______________.
Answer: the ground gets wet. চিরন্তন সত্য, বৈজ্ঞানিক ভিত্তি, অভ্যাসগত কোনো কাজ বা স্বয়ংক্রিয় ফলাফল প্রকাশ করতে হলে main clause এবং dependent clause উভয়ই present indefinite tense-এ হয়। এ ধরণের বাক্য zero conditional-এর নিয়মে গঠিত হয়। Example:''If it rains, the ground gets wet''-এই বাক্যটি দ্বারা একটি চিরন্তন সত্য বুঝাচ্ছে। হয়েছে।
3. If it ____ tomorrow, I probably won't ride my bike.
Answer: rains. ব্যাখ্যা: If যুক্ত clause টি present indefinite tense হলে অন্য clause টি future indefinite/present indefinite হয়।
চিরন্তন সত্য বা Scientific Truth এর ক্ষেত্রে দুটো Clause এ Present indefinite. অন্যক্ষেত্রে if + present indefinite + future indefinite Example: -If it rains tomorrow, I probably won't ride my bike.
4. This could have worked if I _______been more cautious.
Answer: had. ব্যাখ্যা: If যুক্ত clause টি past perfect tense হলে Principal clause/Main clause/Result clause এ would have/could have/might have+V3 হয়।
Example: This could have worked, if I had been more cautious.
5. You'll be accepted provided that you_______ the task.
Answer: complete. ব্যাখ্যা: If এর পরিবর্তে অনেক সময়ই নিম্নোক্ত Phrase গুলি ব্যবহৃত হয়। provided/ provided that/ providing that/ whether/ in case এর অর্থ হল যদি। প্রশ্নোক্ত বাক্যটিতে main clause-টি future indefinite হওয়ায় provided that যুক্ত ক্লজটি present indefinite tense হবে। Example: -She will shine in life provided that she works hard হবে)
6. Let's arrange a party in case_______.
Answer: Dipa comes. ব্যাখ্যা: In case কোনো condition বা শর্ত বোঝায় না। যেখানে কাজটি কোন কিছুর উপর নির্ভর করে না সেখানে in case বসে। এবং in case এর পরে সবসময় Verb এর present form বসে। Example: -Take your umbrella incase it rainses
7. Shaheen would never have taken the job if _______what great demand it would make on his time.
Answer: he had known. ব্যাখ্যা : Principal clause/Main clause/Result clause এ যদি would have/could have/might have+V3 থাকে তাহলে if যুক্ত clause টি past perfect tense এর হবে। Example ; Shaheen would never have taken the job if he had known what great demand it would make on his time.
8. Complete the following sentence: If I had known you were coming________.
Answer: I would have gone to the station. ব্যাখ্যা : 3rd conditional: If যুক্ত clause টি past perfect tense হলে Principal clause/Main clause/Result clause এ would have/could have/might have+V3 হয়। Example: -If I had known you were waiting outside, I would have invited you to come in.
9. Had I known her, I_____ her.
Answer: would have met. ব্যাখ্যা : 3rd conditional: Dependent clause টি তে past perfect tense থাকলে অন্য clause এ would/could/might + have +verb (p.p) form হয়। Example: -Had I known you were waiting outside, I would have invited you to come in.
10. Complete the following sentence : If you had invited me________.
Answer: I would have gone. ব্যাখ্যা : If যুক্ত clause টি past perfect tense হলে Principal clause/Main clause এ would have/could have/might have+V3 হয়। Example: -If you had invited me, I would have gone.
11. Choose the correct alternative to correct the sentence. He______ to see us if he had been able to do.
Answer: would have come.
ব্যাখা : If যুক্ত clause টি past perfect tense হলে Principal clause/Main clause এ would have/could have/might have+V3 হয়।
যেমন: I would have sent her an invitation if I had found her address.
12. Complete the sentence: "Had I been in your situation_____ the offer.''
Answer: I would have accepted.
ব্যাখ্যা : Dependent clause বা Condition clause টি তে past perfect tense থাকলে অন্য clause এ would/could/might + have +verb (p.p) form হয়।
Example: Had I been in your situation, I would have accepted the offer.
13. Complete the sentence: If the sun didn't shine, fruits______.
Answer: wouldn't be ripen.
ব্যাখ্যা : If clause এ যদি Past Tense হয়,তাহলে অপরাংশে সাধারণত would/could/might +verb এর base form হয়।এক্ষেত্রে if যুক্ত অংশে be verb থাকলে তা সবসময় were হবে।Passive voice এর ক্ষেত্রে would(negative হলে would not হবে) + be + verb(p.p) হবে।
Example: If you lent me some money, I would be grateful to you.
14. When water_______, it turns into ice.
Answer: freezes. ব্যাখ্যা :
চিরন্তন সত্য, বৈজ্ঞানিক ভিত্তি,অভ্যাসগত কোন কাজ বা স্বয়ক্রিয় ফলাফল প্রকাশ করতে main clause এ present indefinite tense হলে if যুক্ত clause এ present indefinite tense হবে। Example: Man dies if he drinks poison.
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15. _______,he would have succeeded.
Answer: Had he studied regularly. Dependent clause বা Condition clause টি তে past perfect tense থাকলে অন্য clause এ would/could/might + have +verb(p.p) form হয়।
Example: Had I known her, I would have met her.
16. If I had much money, I _________.
Answer: would help the distressed people. ব্যাখ্যা : If clause এ যদি Past Tense হয়,তাহলে অপরাংশে সাধারণত would +verb এর base form হয়,তবে could/might ও হতে পারে।এক্ষেত্রে if যুক্ত অংশে be verb থাকলে তা সবসময় were হবে).
Example: If you lent me some money, I would be grateful to you.
17. If I had another pen, I _______you.
Answer: could help. ব্যাখ্যা : If clause এ যদি Past Tense হয়,তাহলে অপরাংশে সাধারণত would +verb এর base form হয়,তবে could/might ও হতে পারে।এক্ষেত্রে if যুক্ত অংশে be verb থাকলে তা সবসময় were হবে).
Example: If you lent me some money, I would be grateful to you.
18. Choose the appropriate verb: 'If the driver had been more careful, the accident_______ occurred'.
Answer: might not have. ব্যাখ্যা : If যুক্ত clause টি past perfect tense হলে Principal clause/Main clause এ would have/could have/might have+V3 হয়। প্রদত্ত subordinate clause এ যেহেতু had been বসেছে তাই might not have ই সঠিক answer. Example: If I had seen him, I would have given him the message.
19. Which one is appropriate for the gap in the following sentence? 'If I were you, I_______ the situation more carefully.'
Answer: would handle. ব্যাখ্যা : If clause এ যদি Past Tense হয়,তাহলে অপরাংশে সাধারণত would +verb এর base form হয়,তবে could/might ও হতে পারে।এক্ষেত্রে if যুক্ত অংশে be verb থাকলে তা সবসময় were হবে).
Example: If there were chaos, there would not be development.
20. Fill in the blanks : If he hadn't been so tired, he_______asleep so quickly.
Answer: wouldn't have fallen. ব্যাখ্যা : If যুক্ত clause টি past perfect tense হলে Principal clause/Main clause এ would have/could have/might have+V3 হয়। প্রদত্ত subordinate clause এ যেহেতু hadn't been বসেছে তাই wouldn't have fallen ই সঠিক answer. Example: If we had not lived in a big city, we would not have breathed polluted air everyday.