101.
Identify the correct sentence.
a) Had I known she liked it, I would have get her one.
b) If you had come, I would have went there.
c) If we practiced speaking English, we could speak better.
✓
d) If it rained, your books would gotten wet.
ব্যাখ্যা:
উত্তর: If we practiced speaking English, we could speak better.
ব্যাখ্যা:
2nd conditional এর নিয়মানুযায়ী, If we practiced speaking English, we could speak better বাক্যটি সঠিক। কারণ -If যুক্ত clause টিতে past indefinite আছে। তাই এর পরের clause টিতে subject এর পর would/could/might এর সাথে verb এর base form বসেছে।
• অন্য অপশন গুলোর মধ্যে -
Had I known she liked it, I would have get her one - বাক্যে get এর স্থলে got হবে।
If you had come, I would have went there - went এর
স্থলে gone হবে।
If it rained, your books would gotten wet - এই বাক্যে If it had rained, your books would have gotten wet 'or' If it rained, your books would get wet হবে।
102.
Identify the correct sentence.
a) He works hard so that he could pass the examination.
b) He worked hard so that he can pass the examination.
c) He works hard so that he would pass the examination.
d) He worked hard so that he would not fail the examination.
✓
ব্যাখ্যা:
উত্তর: He worked hard so that he would not fail the examination.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Tense এর নিয়মানুযায়ী So that, in order that, that যুক্ত বাক্যের ক্ষেত্রে
Present + Future, Past + pas future (would) হয়।
So that, in order that, that affirmative হলে can/may negative will/ may not বসে।
** Affirmative-এর ক্ষেত্রে:
-Structure 1: Subject + V₁+ So that/ in order that/ that +
sub + can/may verb এর base form.
-Structure 2: Subject + V2+ So that/ in order that/ that +
sub could/might verb এর base form.
** Negative-এর ক্ষেত্রে:
-Structure 1: Subject+ V1+ So that/ in order that/ that +
sub + will/may not +verb এর base form.
-Structure 2: Subject + V2+ So that/ in order that/ that + sub would/might not + verb এর base form.
সুতরাং, সঠিক উত্তর হবে - He worked hard so that he would not fail the examination.
103.
The correct sentence of the followings-
a) The Nile is longest river in Africa
b) The Nile is longest river in the Africa
c) Nile is longest river in Africa
d) The Nile is the longest river in Africa
✓
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: The Nile is the longest river in Africa.
Nile- নীলনদ।
যেকোন নদীর নামের পূর্বে The বসে।
আবার longest শব্দটি superlative বলে
এর পূর্বেও The বসবে।
104.
Neither of the students ____ submitted the term papers to the teachers yet.
a) have
b) has
✓
c) was
d) were
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: has.
One of the, neither of the, each of the, either of the ইত্যাদি– এর পর subject হবে plural, verb হবে singular. যেমন: Neither of the students has submitted the term papers to the teachers yet. বাক্যে 'yet' থাকার কারণে, was ব্যবহার যুক্তিযুক্ত নয়।
105.
He is one of the boys who ____ not written the letter given as homework.
a) has
b) have
✓
c) is
d) are
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: have.
Relative Pronoun (who) এর যেহেতু singular ও plural form একই, তাই relative pronoun- subject হলে Relative pronoun এর Antecedent (যার পরিবর্তে Relative Pronoun বসে) এর number person অনুযায়ী Verb বসাতে হয়।
সমস্যা হচ্ছে এখানে অর্থ অনুযায়ী Antecedent – one এবং boys দুটিই হওয়ার সম্ভাবনা রাখে।
যখন এ রকম সমস্যা থাকবে, তখন Relative pronoun এর ঠিক আগের শব্দকে antecedent ধরতে হবে। সেটি singular হলে singular verb এবং সেটি plural হলে verb plural হবে। এ হিসেবে এখানে antecedent হবে boys. আর এটা Plural হওয়ায় verb ও plural - have হবে।
106.
Find out the correct sentence.
a) Himel and not his parents are responsible for this misdeed.
b) Himel and not his parents is responsible for this misdeed.
✓
c) Himel and not his parents are given responsible for this misdeed.
d) Himel and not his parents has responsible for this misdeed.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: Himel and not his parents is responsible for this misdeed.
And not দিয়ে দুইটি Noun/ Pronoun জোড়া লাগলে, প্রথমটি অনুযায়ী Verb বসে। Himel and not his parents is responsible for this misdeed-এখানে Himel যেহেতু singular, তাই verbও singular 'is' হয়েছে।
107.
Which sentence is the correct one?
a) Each boy and each girl of this class is meritorious.
✓
b) Each boy and each girl of this class are meritorious.
c) Each boy and each girl of this class has meritorious.
d) Each boy and each girl of this class meritorious.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: Each boy and each girl of this class is meritorious.
And দ্বারা যুক্ত দুটি noun এর পূর্বে each থাকলে verb singular হয়। তাই সঠিক বাক্য-Each boy and each girl of this class is meritorious.
108.
Find out the correct sentence.
a) It is I who have complete the work.
b) It is I who has done the work.
c) It is I who have done the work.
✓
d) It is I who is done the work.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: It is I who have done the work.
who হচ্ছে relative pronoun. Relative Pronoun এর Verb Antecedent এর number person অনুযায়ী বসে। এখানে antecedent যেহেতু I, তাই এখানে have done ই শুদ্ধ হবে।
109.
Coffee and tea ____ now-a-days offered as alternative.
a) is
b) are
✓
c) has
d) is being
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: are.
And দ্বারা যুক্ত noun/pronoun দুটি পৃথক ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুকে নির্দেশ করলে plural verb হবে। প্রশ্নোক্ত বাক্যে Coffee and tea দুটি পৃথক বস্তুকে নির্দেশ করছে।
110.
Find out the correct sentence.
a) That they are honest men are known to all.
b) That they are honest men is known to all.
✓
c) That they are honest men known to all.
d) That they are honest men knowing all.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: That they are honest men is known to all.
এখানে know Verb এর Subject হচ্ছে That they are honest men পুরোটা। Clause – Subject হলে সেটাকে Singular ধরতে হয়। কারণ পুরোটা দিয়ে একটা Idea বুঝাচ্ছে। অতএব, Clause- Subject হলে এটাকে মনে মনে It ধরে নিবেন, তাহলে সহজে সঠিক Verb বসাতে পারবেন। যেমন এখানে it is known to all. তাই সঠিক উত্তর খ।
111.
Find out the incorrect sentence.
a) The jury were divided in the verdict.
b) A flock of birds is seen.
c) A gang of robbers has broken into the house.
d) The herd of cows belong to me.
✓
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: The herd of cows belong to me.
Collective noun সাধারণত singular হয় এবং singular verb বসে এর পর। যেমন; * A flock of birds is seen *A gang of robbers has broken into the house. ঠিক একইভাবে The herd of cows belongs to me হবে।
তবে Collective noun যখন নিজেদের মধ্যে বিভক্ত হয়ে যাবে তখন verb plural হবে। যেমন; The jury were divided in the verdict.
112.
Find out the incorrect one.
a) All that glitters is not gold.
b) All is well that ends well.
c) All was spent, no water remained.
d) All has reached there in time.
✓
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: All has reached there in time.
All প্রবাদ বাক্যের ক্ষেত্রে Singular যেভাবে আছে সেভাবেই বসে। যেমন; All that glitters is not gold, All is well that ends well.
All দিয়ে Uncountable Noun বুঝালে singular হয়। যেমন; All was spent, no water remained-এখানে all দিয়ে water-কে বুঝাচ্ছে।
All দিয়ে Countable Noun বুঝালে plural হয়। যেমন; All has reached there in time-এখানে all দিয়ে people-কে বুঝানো হচ্ছে, people countable noun. কিন্তু এখানে has আছে, যা ভুল। সঠিক বাক্যটি হবে-All have reached there in time.
113.
Complete the sentence: The circumstances were so bad that I could not help ____ a lie to save his life.
a) told
b) tell
c) telling
✓
d) to tell
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: telling.
Can't help এরপর verb + ing হয়।
Example: The circumstances were so bad that I could not help telling a lie to save his life.
Can't but এরপর verb এর base form বসে।
Example: She could not but congratulate him.
114.
Which one is the correct one?
a) He came here with a view to meeting me.
✓
b) He came here with a view to meet me.
c) He came here with a view to met me.
d) He came here with a view meeting me.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: He came here with a view to meeting me.
Mind, cannot help, with a view to, look forward to, be used to, get used to, worth ইত্যাদির পর verb এর সাথে ing হয়। যেমন;He came here with a view to meeting me.
115.
Please accept these flowers with the ____ of the chairman.
a) complement
b) compliments
✓
c) complements
d) complementary
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: compliments.
Compliments-Complement :
Compliments মানে হলো শুভেচ্ছা বা অভিনন্দন আর complement মানে হলো পরিপূরক। Please accept these flowers with the compliments of the chairman-চেয়ারম্যান মহোদয়ের প্রশংসার সরূপ এই ফুলগুলো গ্রহণ করুন।
116.
Which of the following sentences is correct?
a) One of my friends are a lawyer.
b) One of my friends is a lawyer.
✓
c) One of my friend is a lawyer.
d) One of my friends are lawyers.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: One of my friends is a lawyer.
One of the, one of, neither of the, each of the, either of the ইত্যাদি– এর পর subject হবে plural, verb হবে singular. যেমন: One of my friends is a lawyer.
117.
Choose the correct sentence.
a) The good were shipped.
b) The good was shipped.
c) The goods were shipped.
✓
d) The goods was shipped.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: The goods were shipped.
Good – Goods:
Good মানে মঙ্গল, ভালো, শুভ ইত্যাদি।
আর goods মানে হলো মালামাল, যা কেনা বা বিক্রি করা যায়।
118.
Choose the correct sentence.
a) Today you have come late.
✓
b) Today you have came late.
c) Today you have came lately.
d) Today you have come lately.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: Today you have come late.
Late ---- Lately:
Late এর অর্থ হলো দেরিতে। যেমন: আজ তুমি আসতে দেরি করেছ। Today you have come late.
আর lately এর অর্থ হলো সম্প্রতি।
যেমন: He has come from Mecca lately-তিনি সম্প্রতি মক্কা থেকে এসেছেন।
119.
We have ____ your team several times.
a) win
b) won
c) beat
d) beaten
✓
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: beaten.
Win--- Beat:
Win মানে কোনোকিছু জিতে নেয়া। যেমন: We won the match.
আর beat মানে বিপক্ষে বা প্রতিপক্ষ ব্যক্তি বা দলকে পরাজিত করা। যেমন; We have beaten your team several times. (have থাকাতে past participle হয়েছে)
120.
This is clearly a masterpiece. _____ seen another piece of art so unique.
a) Never I had
b) I have never not
c) Never have I
✓
d) never I have
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: Never have I.
Adverbial word- never, scarcely, hardly ইত্যাদি বাক্যের শুরুতে ব্যবহৃত
হলে auxiliary verb টি subject- এর পূর্বে বসে।
সুতরাং সঠিক expression হলো Never have I.
