61.
By whom _____ ?
a) the glass was broken
b) did the glass break
c) was the glass broken
✓
d) was the glass break
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: was the glass broken.
Explanation:
যেহেতু এটা একটা প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্য এবং by whom থাকাতে এটা passive-এ আছে, তাই এখানে নিয়ম অনুযায়ী By whom + auxiliary verb + subject + verb-এর past participle form হবে।
Active: Who broke the glass?
Passive: By whom was the glass broken?
62.
Spread a mat on it. (passive)
a) a mat should be spread on it.
b) a mat should have been spread on it by you.
c) a mat be spread on it
d) have a mat spread on it.
✓
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: have a mat spread on it.
Explanation:
Be verb ছাড়াও Passive voice হতে পারে।
** Spread এবং Put up দ্বারা যদি Imperative Sentence শুরু হয় তখন ঐ Sentence passive করতে Be verb লাগে না।
তখন Let এর পরিবর্তে Have বসবে এবং এর পরে object বসবে এবং এর পর be Verb ছাড়া সরাসরি Principle verb এর Past participle.
** Active: Spread a mat on it.
Passive : Have a mat spread on it.
এখানে Spread verb থাকায় Let এর পরিবর্তে Have এসেছে, এরপর Object Mat এসেছে এবং এর পর মূল Verb এর past participle spread বসেছে।
** Active: Put up a tent here.
Passive : Have a tent put up here.
এখানে Put up পুরোটাই একটা Verb তাই Let এর পরিবর্তে Have এসেছে, এর পরে Object a tent এবং PV এর Past participle put up বসছে।
63.
That house has not been lived in for years. (active)
a) no one has been living in that house for years.
b) no one ever lived in that house for years.
c) Nobody has lived in that house for years.
✓
d) nobody had been living in that house for years.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: Nobody has lived in that house for years.
Explanation:
That house has not been lived in for years-বাক্যটি passive voice-এ আছে এবং has been থাকায় এর active voice present perfect tense-এ হবে।
Structure: Subject (nobody) + has + verb (past participle) + extension.
Active: Nobody has lived in that house for years.
Passive : That house has not been lived in for years.
64.
He pleases us. (passive)
a) we were pleased with him
b) we are pleased by him
c) we are pleased with him
✓
d) we will be pleased by him
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: we are pleased with him.
Explanation:
Present indefinite sentence-কে passive voice এ রুপান্তরের নিয়ম:
Active voice এর object এর subject form +am/is/are + verb এর past participle + by/at/to + active voice এর subject এর object form.
Please এর সাথে with বসে।
Active: He pleases us.
Passive : We are pleased with him
65.
Lila fans herself. (passive)
a) Lila was fanned by herself.
b) Herself is fanned by Lila.
c) Let Lila to be fanned by herself.
d) Lila is fanned by herself.
✓
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: Lila is fanned by herself.
Explanation:
Reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, yourself etc.) কখনো subject হতে পারে না। তাই সেক্ষেত্রে Lila হচ্ছে active এবং passive উভয় ক্ষেত্রে subject.
Active: Lila fans herself.
Passive : Lila is fanned by herself.
66.
He is thought to be a teacher. (active)
a) we thought him to be a teacher.
b) we think him to be a teacher.
✓
c) we think him a teacher.
d) we thought him a teacher.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: we think him to be a teacher.
Explanation:
Assume, believe, claim, think etc. verb গুলোর active হতে passive নিম্নোক্ত নিয়মে হয়ে থাকে:
Active: subject + Assume, believe, claim, think + indirect object (বস্তু) + to be direct object.
Passive: Indirect object (person) + be verb (tense অনুযায়ী) + V3 + to be + direct object + by + subject এর object form.
Active: We think him to be a teacher.
Passive : He is thought to be a teacher.
67.
The seat felt warm. (passive)
a) The seat is warm when it is felt.
b) The seat is warm to be felt
c) The seat was warm when it was felt.
✓
d) The seat is felt warm.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: The seat was warm when it was felt.
Explanation:
কোনো কোনো verb, Active voice এ ব্যবহৃত হয়েও passive এর অর্থ প্রকাশ করে, এই ধরনের verb-কে Quasi-passive verb বলে। যেমন: taste, feel, sell, cost, smell, sound ইত্যাদি।
Quasi-passive verb যুক্ত Active voice কে Passive করার নিয়ম:
Subject + is/are + Quasi-passive verb এর past participle + adjective.
Active: The seat felt warm.
Passive : The seat was warm when it was felt.
68.
The passive form of 'They have won the battle' is—
a) The battle have won by them.
b) The battle had been won by them.
c) The battle was won by them.
d) The battle has been won by them.
✓
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: The battle has been won by them.
Explanation:
Present Perfect Tense এর Active Voice কে Passive করতে হলে Subject অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb হিসেবে have been/has been বসাতে হয়।
Present perfect এর voice পরিবর্তিনের নিয়ম: Object কে subject + has/have+ been+ verb(past participle)+ by + subject কে object.
Active: They have won the battle.
Passive: The battle has been won by them.
69.
Change the voice, 'Please keep quiet.'
a) You are told for keep quiet.
b) You are requested to keep quiet.
✓
c) You are requested for keep quiet.
d) You are told to keep quiet.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: You are requested to keep quiet.
Explanation:
You are + ordered (আদেশ বুঝালে)/ requested(অনুরোধ বুঝালে)/ commanded(দলের প্রতি আদেশ বুঝালে)/ advised(উপদেশ বুঝালে)/ forbidden(নিষেধ বুঝালে) + to + active voice এর verb.
Active: Please keep quiet. (এখানে অনুরোধ করা হচ্ছে)
Passive: You are requested to keep quiet.
70.
The passive form of the sentence 'We made her recite a poem'-
a) A poem was made recite by her.
b) She was made to recite a poem.
✓
c) She was made recited a poem.
d) A poem was made to be recited.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: She was made to recite a poem.
Explanation:
Make, feel, hear, bid, read, know, behold ইত্যাদি যুক্ত Active voice (past indefinite/present indefinite)-কে passive করার নিয়ম: Active voice এর object এর subject form + was/were + verb এর past participle + by/at/to + active voice এর subject এর object form. Make, feel, hear, bid, read, know, behold, see ইত্যাদি পর passive voice-এ to বসে।
Active: We made her recite a poem.
Passive: She was made to recite a poem.
71.
English _______ across the world.
a) speaks
b) is speaking
c) is spoken
✓
d) has spoken
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: is spoken.
Explanation:
উপরের বাক্যটি Passive Voice এর গঠন অনুযায়ী হয়েছে-subject + auxiliary verb + verb (past participle)+ by + object.
Active: People across the world speak English..
Passive: English is spoken across the world.
** English has spoken across the world হবে না। এটার মানে হচ্ছে 'পুরো বিশ্বে ইংরেজি কথা বলেছে'। তার ইংরেজি তো আর কথা বলতে পারে না। এটা তাই অর্থবোধক বাক্য না।
72.
Computer ______ all over the world at the moment.
a) is using
b) has used
c) has been using
d) is being used
✓
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: is being used.
Explanation:
বাক্যটি Present continuous Tense এর Passive Voice এর নিয়ম অনুযায়ী গঠিত হবে: Subject + am/is/are+ being+ verb (past participle)+ by+ object.
Active: People are using computers all over the world at the moment.
Passive: Computer is being used all over the world at the moment.
73.
The passive voice of 'Post the letter' is-
a) Let the letter be posted.
✓
b) Let the letter posted.
c) Let the letter post.
d) Let the letter be post.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: Let the letter be posted.
Explanation:
Imperative Sentence এর passive voice এর structure: Let+ object+ be+ verb(past participle).
Imperative Sentence এ you টা উহ্য থাকবে।
Active: Post the letter.
Passive: Let the letter be posted.
74.
Change the voice- ''Where did you see him?"
a) Where did the seen by you?
b) Where was he see by you?
c) Where was seen by you?
d) Where was he seen by you?
✓
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: Where was he seen by you?
Explanation:
Wh word-যুক্ত Interrogative sentence এর structure: What/where/why/how/By whom + be verb + sub + verb(past participle)+ by+ obj+?
Active: Where did you see him?
Passive: Where was he seen by you?
75.
Whom did she accuse?'' Choose the right passive voice.
a) Who was accused by her?
✓
b) Who had been accused by her?
c) Who was being accused by her?
d) Who has been accused by her?
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: Who was accused by her?
Explanation:
Interrogative sentence যদি Whom দিয়ে শুরু হয়, তাহলে passive voice করার সময় who দিয়ে শুরু হবে। structure হবে: who + auxiliary verb+ verb (past participle)+ object + ?
Active: Whom did she accuse?
Passive: Who was accused by her?
76.
A freedom fighter is always honored by his country people.' The active form of the sentence-
a) People of a country honours their freedom fighters always.
b) People of a country always honour their freedom fighters.
✓
c) His country people honour always their freedom fighters.
d) People honour their freedom fighters.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: People of a country always honor their freedom fighters.
Explanation:
Present indefinite sentence কে passive voice এ রুপান্তরের নিয়ম:
active voice এর object এর subject form + am/are/is + verb এর past participle + by/at/to + active voice এর subject এর object form.
Active: People of a country always honor their freedom fighters.
Passive: A freedom fighter is always honored by his country people.
77.
Rice sells cheap' is-
a) Passive voice
b) Active voice
✓
c) Both
d) None
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: Active voice.
Explanation:
কিছু Verb আছে যেমন- Taste, smell, appear, sell, sound, feel, write, look, read ইত্যাদি যাদের পর সাধারণত adj./adv. বসে।
গঠনরীতিতে এই verb গুলোকে Active মনে হলেও অর্থের দিক থেকে এরা Passive। তাই এদেরকে Quasi-passive verb বলে।
Active: Sugar sells cheap.
Passive: Sugar is cheap when it is sold.
78.
Which one is the correct passive form of the sentence- He satisfied everybody.
a) Everybody has been satisfied by him.
b) Everybody was satisfied by him.
c) Everybody was satisfied with him.
✓
d) Everybody would be satisfied at him.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: Everybody was satisfied with him.
Explanation:
Satisfy এর সাথে by না বসে with বসবে। এরকম আরো কিছু শব্দের সাথে by বসে না, যেমন; ** Annoy, Seize, cover এর সাথে with ** Surprise, Vex, Shock, marvel এর সাথে at ** Contain, embodied এর সাথে in
** Worried এর সাথে about.
Note: কোনো ব্যক্তির উপর হওয়া বোঝাতে annoy এর সাথে with হবে, আর কোনো বস্তু বা কাজের উপর বিরক্ত হওয়া বোঝাতে annoy at হবে।
Active: He satisfied everybody.
Passive: Everybody was satisfied with him.
79.
Do you find your payment too little? (Passive)
a) Is your payment found too little to you?
✓
b) Are your payment found too little to you?
c) Are your payment found too little by you?
d) Is your payment found too little by you?
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: Is your payment found too little to you?
Explanation:
Primary auxiliary verb যেমন- Do, did, does থাকলে passive voice এ এগুলো আসবে না । তখন am/is/are/was/were/has/had/have দিয়ে passive voice এ রূপান্তর করতে হবে।
নিয়ম: Am/is/are/was/were/has/had/have + obj কে sub+ verb(past participle) + by/to/at + sub কে obj.
Active: Do you find your payment too little?
Passive: Is your payment found too little to you?
80.
The active form of the sentence 'That house was built ten years ago' is-
a) Someone built the house ten years ago.
✓
b) We had built the house ten years ago.
c) Somebody had built the house ten years ago.
d) They built the house ten years ago.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Answer: Someone built the house ten years ago.
Explanation:
That house was built ten years ago- বাক্যটি past indefinite এবং passive voice.
Active করার structure- Object এর Subject + was/were উঠে যাবে + tense অনুসারে verb + Subject এর object.
Passive voice-এ 'by + object' না থাকলে একটি object ধরে নিতে হবে। যেমন- প্রশ্নের বাক্যে someone কে object হিসেবে ধরে নিয়ে সঠিক উত্তর হয়।
Active: Someone built the house ten years ago.
Passive: That house was built ten years ago.
